神经伦理：捍卫人类最后的隐私边疆
英文原文
Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) are blurring the line between mind and machine, raising existential questions about cognitive liberty. While neural implants restore mobility to paralysis patients, companies like Neuralink now market consumer BCIs for gaming and productivity. This unleashes unprecedented risks:
- Brainjacking: Hackers manipulating emotions via deep brain stimulation (DBS)
- Neurosurveillance: Employers detecting attention lapses in real-time
- Memory extraction: Law enforcement accessing recollections without consent
Chile’s 2021 Neuro Rights Law pioneered constitutional protection for mental privacy, but 78% of countries lack neuro-specific legislation. UNESCO’s Universal Declaration on Neuroethicsproposes banning coercive neuroenhancement, yet enforcement relies on corporate self-policing. The core conflict: Should our thoughts remain the last untapped data frontier?
中文翻译
脑机接口（BCI） 正在模糊意识与机器的边界，引发关于认知自由的终极拷问。当神经植入物帮助瘫痪患者重获行动力，Neuralink等公司却将消费级BCI推向游戏与效率市场。这带来前所未有的风险：
- 脑劫持：黑客通过深部脑刺激操控情绪
- 神经监控：雇主实时监测注意力分散
- 记忆提取：执法部门未经同意读取记忆
智利2021年《神经权利法》开创性地为思想隐私提供宪法保护，但78%国家缺乏神经专项立法。联合国教科文组织《神经伦理全球宣言》提议禁止强制性神经增强，但执行依赖企业自律。核心矛盾：人类思想是否应成为最后未开发的数据边疆？